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Peripheral vascular disease (PVD) refers to a group of conditions involving the narrowing, blockage, or dysfunction of blood vessels outside the heart and brain. This most commonly affects the arteries and veins in the lower limbs, leading to reduced blood flow, pain, and impaired mobility. PVD often develops due to progressive atherosclerosis, a buildup of plaque that restricts blood flow, which can eventually cause symptoms such as leg pain during walking, numbness, non‑healing wounds, or severe cases of limb ischemia. These symptoms may gradually worsen without timely intervention, and in advanced stages, can pose serious risks to limb viability.
No studies have shown that screening for peripheral vascular disease (PVD) in primary care reduces morbidity or mortality.
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends against routine screening for PVD.
Focuses on lifestyle modifications, especially smoking cessation, which is the most important preventive measure.
Smoking cessation also helps prevent coronary artery disease, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and lung cancer.
Patients with peripheral vascular conditions may experience.
Leg pain or cramps during walking
Numbness, tingling, or weakness
Slow healing of foot or leg wounds
Cold or discolored extremities
Decreased pulse in the legs or feet
If any of these symptoms are present, timely evaluation and treatment are essential.